Surname | Name |
| Bengal’s Sorrow | Damodar River |
| Blue Mountains | Nilgiri Hills |
| City of Sky-scrapers | New York |
| City of Seven Hills | Rome |
| City of Dreaming Spires | Oxford |
| City of palaces | Kolkata |
| City of Golden Gate | San Francisco |
| City of Magnificent Buildings | Washington D.C. |
| City of Eternal Springs | Quito(S.America) |
| China’s Sorrow | Hwang Ho |
| Cockpit of Europe | Belgium |
| Dark Continent | Africa |
| Emerald Isle | Ireland |
| Eternal City | Rome |
| Empire City | New York |
| Forbidden City | Lhasa (Tibet) |
| Garden City | Chicago |
| Gate of Tears | Strait of Bab-el Mandeb |
| Gateway of India | Mumbai |
| Gift of the Nile | Eqypt |
| Granite City | Aberdeen (Scotland) |
| Hermit Kingdom | Korea |
| Herring Pond | Atlantic Ocean |
| Holy Land | Jerusalem |
| Island Continent | Australia |
| Island of Cloves | Zanzibar |
| Isle of Pearls | Bahrein (Peesian Gulf) |
| Key of the Mediterranean | Gibralter |
| Land of Cakes | Scotland |
| Land of Golden Fleece | Australia |
| Land of Maple Leaf | Canada |
| Land of Midnight Sun | Norway |
| Land of the Thousand Lakes | Finland |
| Land of the Thunderbolt | Bhutan |
| Land of white Elephant | Thailand |
| Land of Five Rivers | Punjab |
| Land of Thousand Elephants | Laos |
| Land of Rising Sun | Japan |
| Loneliest Island | Tristan De Gunha (Mid-Atlantic) |
| Manchester of Japan | Osaka |
| Pillars of Hercules | Strait of Gibraltar |
| Pearl of the Antilles | Cuba |
| Playground of Europe | Switzerland |
| Quaker City | Philadelphia |
| Queen of the Adriatic | Venice |
| Roof of the World | The Pamirs |
| Rose Pink City | Jaipur |
| Sugar bowl of the World | Cuba |
| Venice of the North | Stockholm |
| Windy City | Chicago |
| Whirteman’s grave | Guinea Coast of Africa |
| Yellow River | Huang Ho (China) |
A tropical cyclone is an intense low pressure area or a whirl in the atmosphere over tropical or sub-tropical waters, with organised convection (i.e. thunderstormactivity) and winds at low levels, circulating either anti-clockwise (in the northern hemisphere) or clockwise (in the southern hemisphere). From the centre of a cyclonic storm, pressure increases outwards. The amount of the pressure drop in the centre and the rate at which it increases outwards gives the intensity of the cyclones and the strength of winds.
As per the criteria adopted by the World Meteorological Organisation (W.M.O.), India Meteorological Department classifies the low pressure systems in the Bay of Bengal and in the Arabian Sea into 7 classes. Low pressure areas with maximum sustained surface winds of speed between 31 & 61 km.p.h. (17 to 33 knots) are called tropical depressions |